CHAP. 28. (25.)—PANNONIA.
Next to them comes acorn-bearing Pannonia[1], along
which the chain of the Alps, gradually lessening as it runs
through the middle of Illyricum from north to south, forms
a gentle slope on the right hand and the left. The portion
which looks towards the Adriatic Sea is called Dalmatia
and Illyricum, above mentioned, while Pannonia stretches
away towards the north, and has the Danube for its extreme
boundary. In it are the colonies of Æmona[2] and Siscia.
The following rivers, both known to fame and adapted for
commerce, flow into the Danube; the Draus[3], which rushes
from Noricum with great impetuosity, and the Savus[4], which
flows with a more gentle current from the Carnic Alps, there
being a space between them of 120 miles. The Draus runs
through the Serretes, the Serrapilli[5], the Iasi, and the
Andizetes; the Savus through the Colapiani[6] and the Breuci;
these are the principal peoples. Besides them there are
the Arivates, the Azali, the Amantini, the Belgites, the
Catari, the Cornacates, the Eravisci, the Hercuniates[7], the
Latovici, the Oseriates, the Varciani, and, in front of Mount
Claudius, the Scordisci, behind it the Taurisci. In the Savus
there is the island of Metubarris[8], the greatest of all the
islands formed by rivers. Besides the above, there are
these other rivers worthy of mention:—the Colapis[9], which
flows into the Savus near Siscia, where, dividing its channel,
it forms the island which is called Segestica[10] a; and the river
Bacuntius[11], which flows into the Savus at the town of Sirmium,
where we find the state of the Sirmienses and the
Amantini. Forty-five miles thence is Taurunum[12], where
the Savus flows into the Danube; above which spot the
Valdanus[13] and the Urpanus, themselves far from ignoble
rivers, join that stream.
1. This province corresponded to the eastern part of Austria, Styria,
Carinthia, Carniola, the whole of Hungary between the Danube and
Saave, Slavonia, and part of Croatia and Bosnia. It was reduced by
fiberius, acting under the orders of Augustus.
2. Now Laybach, previously mentioned in c. 22. Sissia has been
succeeded by the modern Sissek on the Saave.
3. The modern Draave or Drau.
4. Now the Sau or Saave.
5. According to Hardouin the Serretes and the Serrapilli inhabited
the modern Carinthia on both sides of the Draave. The sites of the other
nations here mentioned are unknown.
6. So called from the river Colapis. The other tribes are unknown.
7. Probably the same as the mountain range near Warasdin on the
Draave. The nations mentioned here dwelt on the western and eastern
slopes of this range.
8. Now known as Zagrabia.
9. Now the Culpa.
10. Dion Cassius, B. xix., says that the river Colapis or Colops flowed
past the walls of the town of Siscia, but that Tiberius Cæsar caused a
trench to be dug round the town, and so drew the river round it, leading
it back on the other side into its channel. He calls the island Segetica.
11. Now the Bossut. Sirmium occupied the site of the present Sirmich.
12. The modern Tzeruinka, according to D'Anville and Brotier.
13. Now the Walpo and the Sarroiez, according to Hardouin; or the
Bosna and the Verbas, according to Brotier and Mannert.